Using Epanorthosis in Rhetoric

Utilizing Epanorthosis in Rhetoric An interesting expression where a speaker rectifies or remarks on something the individual has quite recently said. A withdrawal (or pseudo-withdrawal) is a kind of epanorthosis. Modifier: epanorthotic.Epanorthosis is otherwise called correctio or self-amendment. The historical underpinnings is from the Greek, sorting out once more. Models and Observations Possibly there is a mammoth. . . . What I mean is . . . perhaps its solitary us. (Simon in Lord of the Flies by William Golding, 1954)​With a hurl of his chest, Croker rose and came walkingor, rather, limpingtoward him. (Tom Wolfe, A Man in Full, 1998)​[A] great heart, Kate, is the sun and the moon; or, rather, the sun, and not the moon; for it sparkles brilliant and never shows signs of change, however keeps his course really. (Ruler Henry V in Act V, scene two of Henry V by William Shakespeare, 1600)​I dont like most of what I do. I shouldnt state I dont like it, yet Im not happy with nearly everything that I do. (Paul Simon)​You dont believe were being . . . I dont need to state unpleasant, on the grounds that that is not the correct word, yet somewhat reckless, possibly? (Owen Wilson as John Beckwith, The Wedding Crashers, 2005)​Epanorthosis, or Correction, is a figure by which we withdraw or review what we have spoken, for subbing something mor e grounded or increasingly reasonable in its place... The utilization of this figure lies in the sudden interference it provides for the current of our talk, by turning the stream so to speak back upon itself, and afterward returning it upon the evaluator with increased power and accuracy. The idea of this figure directs its elocution; it is fairly much the same as the enclosure. What we right ought to be so articulated as to appear the quick emission existing apart from everything else; for which reason it doesn't just require a division from the remainder of the sentence, by an adjustment of the voice into an ease off volume, yet a sudden discontinuance of the part promptly going before. (John Walker, A Rhetorical Grammar, 1822)​ He has of late been grinding away telling once more, as they call it, a most needless bit of fiendishness, and has caused a coolness in between me and (not a companion precisely, however) a cozy colleague. (Charles Lamb, letter to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Jan. 10, 1820)​Thence have I followed it(Or it hath drawn me, rather) however tis gone. (Ferdinand in The Tempest by William Shakespeare)​In epanorthosis, or fixing, one reconsiders what one has said and qualifies it or even takes it back, as in Augustines great Give me virtuousness and continencebut not yet (Confessions 8.7). Epanorthosis is especially uncovering of the character of the speaker, for this situation, of a dishonest soul isolated against itself and offered more to self-double dealing than to misdirection of others. (P. Christopher Smith, The Hermeneutics of Original Argument: Demonstration, Dialectic, Rhetoric. Northwestern Univ. Press, 1998)​They reserve a privilege to more solace than they at pr esent appreciate; and more solace may be managed them, without infringing on the delights of the rich: not currently holding back to enquire whether the rich reserve any option to restrictive joys. What do I say?encroaching! No; if an intercourse were built up between them, it would give the main genuine joy that can be grabbed in this place where there is shadows, this hard school of good control. (Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Men, 1790)​ I ought to likely have said at the start Im noted for having something of a comical inclination, despite the fact that I have remained quiet about myself especially in the course of the most recent two years in any case, figuratively speaking, and its just as nearly as of late that I started to realizewell, er, maybe acknowledge isn't the right word, er, envision, envision that I was not by any means the only thing in her life. (Michael Palin in scene two of Monty Pythons Flying Circus, 1969)

Economic Reform of China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Monetary Reform of China - Essay Example This prompts financial development of 10% yearly. By receiving a blended economy China is driving effectively. The Government of china has hold solid power over ventures and permitted a restricted private rivalry. This outcomes in expelling the lacks of private enterprise and socialism. Those nations which follow organized commerce and non liberal way, commands the economy like China. The China's prosperity verification is its GDP insights. Since 1978, the GDP has been twofold digits. Anyway this advancement has lead to number of difficulties China is confronting these days. These are money related emergency around the world, awkward financial framework, over dependence on sends out, inflationary weights, enlarging pay disparities and so forth. So as to make an agreeable society, China Government needs to over come these issues. Besides exchange and outside venture assumes an emotional job in this unrest. The exchange of products has twofold up until this point. Enormous exchange overflow, direct progression of remote ventures and substantial acquisition of outside cash makes China the greatest remote money repository holder. Two variables contributed massively to the development of economy in China. One is Heavy Capital venture either by residential reserve funds or by outside speculations. What's more, second factor is speedy yield development. This insurgency leads higher viability which improves the yield. The outcome is expanded assets for additional interests in the economy. Additionally China has a higher pace of sparing, as most Chinese has spared a great deal by creating benefit from State claimed undertakings. Therefore reserve funds as rate to GDP has raised massively upto half which is most elevated rate on the planet. Another factor which assumes a significant job in this upheaval in China is Productivity gains. The upgrade in yield is a direct result of distribution of assets to the profitable uses uniquely exchange, administrations and horticulture parts. The administration specialists were permitted to build up different endeavors on showcase rules. Direct Foreign Investments with its new advancements supported the economy too. DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENTS IN CHINA: The central point for China's financial development is Direct Foreign Investments. China's FDI utilization has extended from $636 million to $75 billion before the finish of 2007.Manufacturing is the significant piece of the economy where bigger bit of FDI are used. Practically 55% of all out FDI is expended in the mood for assembling which leads 610,000 organizations to prosper and right around 28 million individuals will be locked in by these organizations. CHINA TRADE PATTERNS: China turns into the exchanging power aftereffect of financial upheaval. Chinese fares were $1218 billion before the finish of 2007 and its imports were $956 billions. China has developed significantly during past years with normal yearly development rate is 29%. Imports over this

Why People With ADHD Have Shame

Why People With ADHD Have Shame ADHD Adult ADD/ADHD Print Dealing With Shame When You Have ADHD By Jacqueline Sinfield facebook twitter Jacqueline Sinfield is an ADHD coach, and the author of Untapped Brilliance, How to Reach Your Full Potential As An Adult With ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Jacqueline Sinfield Updated on January 03, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Mirjana Seba / EyeEm / Getty Images Shame  is an emotion that plays a big part in the lives of people with ADHD. When you feel  shame,  you feel a huge sense of embarrassment and humiliation about who you are.  Shame  and guilt are closely connected;  although subtly different. Feeling ashamed can lead to many problems,  including depression, anxiety, drug and alcohol problems. Here are some common reasons why people with ADHD feel shame. The Shame  of  Having  ADHD Many people feel  shame  for having ADHD. Do you? When you feel ashamed of having ADHD,  you are ashamed of  a  part of yourself.  You try to keep up a facade,  so people wont know your struggles behind the scenes. This can be exhausting and lonely;  because you can’t get the support you need or feel close to the people in your life. It would be great if you could be as comfortable with having ADHD as you are with your eye color. Shame  of Feeling  Different A  lot of people feel  shame  about being different from their peers. Children can feel this more acutely than adults. Children desperately want to fit in with their friends and they dislike things that make them stand out or draw attention to themselves.  Aside from  the behavioral differences that ADHD can bring,  such as hyperactivity, there are other differences  with  having ADHD;  such as having doctor’s appointments or extra help at school. Shame  About  Having  ADHD  Behaviors Having ADHD can affect your behavior in all sorts of ways; such as:  acting impulsively and doing something you feel embarrassed about, not being able to follow a conversation and then feeling ‘stupid’. You might feel ashamed of your home because it is cluttered or because you  may be  always forgetting things. ADHD affects everyone’s behavior differently, but feeling ashamed of it is a common theme. Shame  About  Your  History Do you often think about past failures and feel full of  shame?  - How things didn’t work out with your ex, or the time when your credit card didn’t work, or when you ran out of gas on the highway?  You might find your mind often goes back to those memories and each time,  you relive that  shame. Shame  About  Where You Are Now A common theme I hear from adults with ADHD,  is they don’t like where they are in life. They didn’t reach the milestones they thought  they  would at this age. Perhaps you see your friends reaching life goals that you want too and that causes you  shame  and resentment because you know you are  just  as smart and capable as them. Ways to Heal  Shame Acknowledge that ADHD is a neurological condition and many of the things causing you  shame  are a direct result of having ADHD. When you do this,  it lifts the blame and  shame  you have been inflicting on yourself. Learn as much as you can about ADHD  through support groups, books, podcasts, and blogs. This knowledge and support will help you to know it isn’t just you. Other people with ADHD experience similar things. This can be very empowering to shake the  shame  away. Work with a therapist who is experienced in working with  shame. They can help you process the  shame you feel in your life. Change how you speak to yourself. Compassion neutralizes  shame. Self-compassion in the form of kind self-talk (the way you would to a child or friend) has a positive effect on the body. This step alone will change your life. Write a list of the practical things you can do to reduce the  shame  in your life. For example,  if you feel ashamed every time you arrive late at work, develop a strategy so that you arrive on time.

Film Analysis Of Forks Over Knives - 1572 Words

Forks Over Knives is a documentary dedicated to spreading knowledge of the effectiveness of a whole-foods, plant-based diet. It was directed by Lee Fulkerson, produced by John Corry, and distributed by Virgil Films and Entertainment. The documentary was released May 6, 2011, a time ridden with diabetes and heart disease. America in 2010 had seen over 20 million cases of diabetes. Over 600,000 people died of heart disease. America was in crisis mode – desperate for a solution to keep residents healthy and alive. Fulkerson believed he had found that solution – a diet that cut out animal products and heavily processed foods. He wrote this film with the intention of spreading that diet. Forks Over Knives is targeted towards people who have†¦show more content†¦The rats fed more protein had more cancer growth, which proved to Dr. Campbell that people need to eat less protein. The documentary also gives the success stories of many people. Men and women who have diabe tes meet with these doctors, follow their diet for just a few months and no longer are diabetic. The narrator and director of the movie, Fulkerson, had high cholesterol levels and other health problems, so he started a whole-foods, plant-based diet. At the end of the film, Fulkerson had much safer levels of cholesterol and was far healthier. The entire documentary is closed with a shot of every main character eating salad together, celebrating their health. It also seems that they are celebrating a convincing documentary. Fulkerson, and the other crew members, successfully argue that Americans should adopt a whole-foods, plant-based diet. They do so using the rhetorical devices, especially logos and pathos. Throughout the film, there are two main focuses. These are ‘a Western diet is unhealthy’ and ‘a whole-foods, plant-based diet is the solution.’ Understanding the contextual meaning is critical to dissecting the rhetorical devices because otherwise the in tent of the documentary’s creators would be hidden. Dividing instances of ethos, logos, and pathos into the two focuses allows for a clear explanation of each. Through separation, one can focus on purpose and effectiveness. The first focus of Forks Over Knives is ‘aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Film Forks Over Knives880 Words   |  4 Pages Forks over Knives Response Like many of the documentaries that are present today, the film Forks over Knives came to be because of the rapidly increasing health concerns. For example, the average American carries 23 extra, unnecessary pounds. American adults aren’t the only ones suffering, obesity and diseases such as hypertension and diabetes type two are now commonly seen in children. One reason for this being the fast paced lifeRead MoreNegative Effects Of Factory Farming1684 Words   |  7 Pagesof factory farm pigs and the retention of their waste in massive manure lagoons. Many have examined factory farming’s effects on small farmers too; Nathaneal Johnson’s The Making of the Modern Pig states that the past few years have eliminated over half a million hog farmers; â€Å"As large farms replaced small ones, the population of Thornton became too small to warrant its own high school. Now his high school serves as a middle school for both Thornton and three other towns â€Å" (Johnson 2006). ThereRead MoreOverview of Health and Self Imagine in Modern Society2015 Words   |  9 Pagessolution—Veganism. Similarly, the documentary Forks over Knives, illustrates how eating healthier can yield a healthier lifestyle, but organic food is more expensive and the documentary fails to introduce other factors that contribute to healthier living like mental health and exercise. In both documentaries, diagnosed ill subjects are transformed into vegetarians, vegans, and pescatarians to demonstrate the benefits of eating healthier but both films le ave out mental health and exercise. On the otherRead MorePurpose of Evaluating Customer Service Policies26269 Words   |  106 Pagespre-opening training, operations manuals, information management, central reservation system, field support, quality control, purchasing, advertising, marketing, new products and concepts - The franchisee has complete control and responsibility over the daily operation of the property In return, the franchisor receives a joining fee and an ongoing fee from the franchisee. 13 Introduction to Hospitality ï‚Ÿ Referrals Referral associations, e.g. Leading Hotels of the World (LHW),Read MorePurpose of Evaluating Customer Service Policies26276 Words   |  106 Pagesplanning, pre-opening training, operations manuals, information management, central reservation system, field support, quality control, purchasing, advertising, marketing, new products and concepts - The franchisee has complete control and responsibility over the daily operation of the property In return, the franchisor receives a joining fee and an ongoing fee from the franchisee. 13 Introduction to Hospitality ï‚Ÿ Referrals Referral associations, e.g. Leading Hotels of the World (LHW), offer to hotelsRead MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 PagesRefer to Unit 2.3, pages 142–144 and textbook pages 133 and 135. (c) Outline the different functions that the educational system may perform for individuals in society. (12 marks) Refer to Unit 2.1 for introductory arguments, Unit 2.3 for an analysis of relevant sociological theories and textbook pages 132–137. Reference may be made to the following: reinforces social solidarity (social unity), education ‘bridges the gap’ between the family and wider society, role allocation, education providingRead MoreHow Current Health and Safety Legislation, Policies and Procedures Are Implemented in Setting21540 Words   |  87 Pagesused when communicating with children, parents, carers and fellow professionals †¢ Listen †¢ Consult with children, parents, carers and professionals The Role Of Ofsted and The National Standards Allison Lee has been childminding for over 11 years and has cared for children aged from 10 weeks to 11 years. A mother of two boys, Allisons career has provided her with the opportunity to work for The National Childminding Association and she is currently employed. Share | [pic] [pic] Read MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 Pageshe used to come in his old blue Opel Kadett and we d go to Pildammsparken or out on the island in Limhamn to get hamburgers and soft ice cream. One day he made a splurge and got us each a pair of Nike Air Max, the cool sneakers that where like over a thousand kronor, really expensive. Mine were green, Sanela s pink. No one in Rosengà ¥rd had shoes like that, and we felt so cool. We had it nice with dad and we d get some money for pizza and Coca-Cola. He had a decent job and only one other son

Altruism Is Important in Society - 1250 Words

Knowing and Knowledge 1 ACX1001 Semester 1 2009 Longer Essay: Why is kindness or altruism important for society? Roselyn Weereratne Student: 3801157 Tutor: Joyce Tute: 17:30 Monday Why is kindness or altruism important for society? Altruism may be defined as a basic selfless attitude that may attribute to those providing initial intervention (Ronel, 2006). For a society or community to thrive, prosper and grow minimum expectations must exist for the individuals of that community to be happy. Rules and laws are in place to govern the ways in which we should act socially, ethically and morally. Among such principles is an expectation to be fair and kind to those around oneself, as you yourself would like to be†¦show more content†¦In other words although kindness is important to society, I might not be able to help if the provider doesn’t benefit in one-way or another or if it costs me too much. As Guagnano, Stern, and Dietz (1995) interpret the Schwartz model, for a person to act altruistically, the person must be aware of negative consequences and also must attribute some responsibility to take appropriate action to persons like himself or herself. When people hold both these beliefs, theyShow MoreRelatedAltruism Of Society : Altruism1074 Words   |  5 PagesUISM IN SOCIETY 1 Altruism in Society Alicia Carnicelli University of Phoenix PSY 490 Stephanie Townes ALTRUISM IN SOCIETY 2 As per many of the responsibilities that surround my job description as a Caseworker, I administer a monthly teen group for adolescent girls that are at risk. These young ladies come from a host of environments that encase circumstances surrounding physical and/or sexual abuse, drug addiction, and other scenarios. As is customary with this demographicRead More The Causes of Altruism Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pagescalled altruism by psychologists. Through this feeling, humans transform from a selfish jerk to a more compassionate and caring person. Some psychologists believe that this feeling stems from nature itself. Despite the fact that some altruistic acts originate from the pressures of society, altruism predominantly comes from the survival of the fittest, the feeling of empathy, and the selfish desire to benefit your own kin. Before a case can be made for the causes of altruism, altruism itself mustRead MoreEssay on Altruism1083 Words   |  5 PagesWhy do we show altruism? Social and evolutionary biologists, psychologists, economists and philosophers alike have made many attempts at providing an explanation for altruism. As a result, many opposing theories have developed over the years. In this essay, I will attempt to explain altruism as the presence of an altruistic gene which is selected for by natural selection in terms of kin selection. I will explore evidence supporting this theory, as well as evidence pointing to psychological explanationsRead MoreAltruism Is Good Or Good?1165 Words   |  5 Pages Altruism is defined as the principle or practice of unselfish concern for or devotion to the welfare of others. Why would someone think that certain actions are moral? There are two answers. First, altruism is naturally positive but on the contrary there are situations that decisions are made with morally bad tendencies and motivations, in circumstantial selfishness. Secondly, altruism is good because of its affirmative effects. The outcome of altruism does not only effect the person to whom theRead MoreAltruism: The Illusion of Self-Interest Essay1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe behavior of altruism in an individual is when it brings more costs than benefits for the benefit of another individual. Altruism comes from the Latin word Alter which means the others. This translation of alturism describes it relatively well. Another great definition of altruism can be found in a statement of Edward Osborne Wilson, an American biologist. According to Wilson, Altruism is defined in biology, a s in everyday life, as a self-destructive behavior for the benefit of other.Read MoreKant And Kant s Theory1368 Words   |  6 Pages578) Chapter12: Question 8 What is altruism? Should we try to encourage it? If so, why? If not, why not? Altruism is a term that was coined by the scholar auguste Comte meaning selflessness. It is the principle that argues that people should worry about the welfare of others rather than their self-interests alone. Altruism is virtues that is widely encouraged in most religious groups and have been practiced by many traditional societies. According to Comte altruism, can be used as the basis of judgingRead MoreAltruism, By Charles Darwin1463 Words   |  6 PagesAltruism is the practice of selfless concern for the well-being of others, or the behavior of an animal that benefits another at its own expense. Evidence shows that the act of altruism is unique in the world of animals. The interaction between those who are selfish and those who are altruistic is vital to human cooperation. A small group of altruistic people can give enough motivation to a large number of egotistical to move a mountain. Just as a large number of selfish people could push a smallRead MoreAn Argument Against The Virtue of Selfishness by Ayn Rand780 Words   |  3 Pagesof Selfishness Ayn Rand argues that self-interest is the norm of ethics. Perhaps the strongest argument Rand gives for this claim relies on the argument that it is up to every individual to decide what values his or her life needs. Since it is important to know what morals one should have, or if one should even have any. In this paper I will argue that this argument fails because a self-interested person will belittle the interests of others for their own good, therefore damaging the relationshipRead MoreSelfish Relations : An Evolutionary Explanation Of Altruistic Behaviors1528 Words   |  7 Pagesbenefits. This idea can be supported by examples of reciprocity, altruistic punishment, and Malthusianism. This discourse will also discuss whether â€Å"true altruism† exists, and that if cooperation is to be associated with altruistic behavior then the only explanatory model possible for its emergence is via group sel ection, which indicates that altruism is an insipidly evolved trait. There are very clear benefits to cooperative behavior, especially for exceptionally social species like humans. SelfishRead MoreAltruism Versus Morality : What Truly Matters When It Is911 Words   |  4 PagesAltruism Versus Morality: What Truly Matters When It Comes to Organ Donation? In Sally Satel s â€Å"When Altruism Isn t Moral† discusses the problem with the outrageous expectation the healthcare system has for organ donation and reception. Satel says â€Å"it is lethally obvious that altruism is not a valid basis for transplant policy. If we keep thinking of organs solely as gifts, there will never be enough of them.† I agree with Satel; the social requirements that a donor has to meet before being able

How American and British towns and cities are preparing for peak oil Free Essays

Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of global petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production enters terminal decline. This is expected to happen at the midpoint of depletion, that is, when only half the oil that will ever be produced has been consumed, and the other half is still underground. When oil production starts to decline, the economic impacts will be dramatic. We will write a custom essay sample on How American and British towns and cities are preparing for peak oil or any similar topic only for you Order Now Economic growth is largely dependent upon a growing oil supply. The International Energy Agency has forecast oil demand to expand at a rate of 1.3% annually over the period 2004-2030. This is likely to lead to large spikes in the oil price along with the price of gas and electricity which are closely linked on financial markets. British local authorities are now starting to consider the potential impact of peak oil on their services and communities. The preparations they have made are as follows: Woking Borough Council in Surrey has achieved major cuts in the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of its buildings largely by converting to combined heat and power (CHP), that is, small, local gas fired power stations, which provide both electricity and heats to buildings nearby. CHP is highly efficient because it exploits the large amounts of heat that are normally wasted in electricity generation to provide space heating and hot water. Woking says this approach has cut gas consumption by as much as 30% and emissions by even more which is a great achievement. But although Woking has cut its gas consumptions, its dependency upon gas is now even higher than before because a far greater proportion of its total energy comes from this single source. Woking is now proud that it now generates 82% of its own electricity, and distributes it through a private wire network. The preparations the US cities have made are as follows: In the Arlington County, Virginia, the board has published an environmental initiative called fresh AIRE (Arlington Initiative To Reduce Emissions) This document outlines the aims put in place in the right direction towards preparing for peak oil: – Increase purchase of wind-generated electricity from 3% of the total electricity purchased by the county to 5% – Install solar energy technology (eg: solar water heating) in one or two county facilities to demonstrate its efficiency and effectiveness. – Prepare a strategic energy plan and a climate action plan for County operations and the community. – Plant at least 1,200 trees in 2007. The measures put in place are as follows: – Many transportation options, including transit, and the development of a Master Transportation Plan. – An energy-efficient County fleet, including hybrid-electric vehicles, vehicles running on bio-diesel fuel, and ART buses powered by natural gas. – An aggressive tree planting program, which includes the purchase of wind-generated electricity. – A renewable energy program, which includes the purchase of wind-generated electricity. The document also recommends three things that individuals can do for themselves, which again would also be useful in beginning to mitigate peak oil – Drive a fuel-efficient car, walk, bike, or take transit. If 10 people trade in cars that get 24 miles per gallon for more efficient cars that get 40 miles per gallon, this action alone would reduce CO2 emissions by 40000 lbs per year which is equivalent of taking four of those cars off the road. – Get an energy audit, and implement the recommendations. This year, the county will support 20 demonstration home energy audits. I recently purchased an energy audit for my home and have learned many things I can quickly do to save on energy costs. – Replace one frequently-used light bulb with a compact fluorescent bulb. If every household took this simple step, Arlingtonians would achieve the emissions equivalent of removing 1,000 cars from our roadways and save a million dollars a year. It was suggested by experts that the County should distribute at least 2,000 compact fluorescent light bulbs at public events, to reduce CO2 by 100 tons. How to cite How American and British towns and cities are preparing for peak oil, Papers

Ethical Communication and Citizenship - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Communication and Citizenship. Answer: Ethics are the moral values and principles through which the behaviour or the conduct of an individual towards an activity is governed. It is a moral philosophy which covers the systematizing, recommending and even defending the right and wrong conduct (Corrigan and Farrell 2010). They help in decision making and the aim of such decision making is towards the right choice selection. This right choice requires identification and prioritization of responsibilities to the person themselves, their profession and even the wider community. In the following parts, this very concept has been highlighted in context of James Hardie scandal and the activities undertaken by it. As stated in the introductory segment, the decision making under ethics require the emphasis to be placed on the person themself, the profession they belong to and the community in general. This is because these are deemed as the stakeholders who are impact or have the capacity of being impacted as a result of the conduct undertaken by the person. This requires a care to be taken in making decisions in such a manner which neither put a negative impact on themselves, nor on the different stakeholders (Ferrell, Fraedrich and Ferrell 2016). The same is particularly important in not putting a negative impact, if the positive impact cannot be attained on the different stakeholder groups, which is the key requirement as per the leading ethical theories. A leading ethical theory which assists in ethical decision making is that of utilitarianism. As per this theory, such decisions are deemed as ethical where the utility is maximized (Bykvist 2010). In other words, where the happiness is maxi mized from undertaking a particular action, such an action is deemed ethical. Thus, the consequence of an action can decide if an action is right or wrong (Mill 2017). Deontological theory can also be used for the purpose of undertaking ethical decision making and had been given by Immanuel Kant. This theory is provides that the morality of an action is the deciding factor on an ethical being moral or immoral (Naaman-Zauderer 2010). It refers to the obligation or rule based on ethics and focuses on the actions instead of end results (Mizzoni 2009). The third key ethical theory is virtue ethics in which the focus is placed on mind and character (Hursthouse and Pettigrove 2016). This theory presents that an action would be right where the same is undertaken by a virtuous person, on the basis of virtues of honesty, integrity, justice and fairness. Thus, instead of rules, duties or consequences, the moral character decides the act to be ethical or not (Winter 2011). The ethical theories and their interplay with the real world can be better explained with the example of Jamie Hardie, in context of ethical decision making. James Hardie scandal involved the economic exploitation of resources of the society, resulted in serious negative impact on the community. In Australia, James Hardie had evolved as the largest building manufacturer of asbestos based products when it was well known to cause major fatal diseases. James Hardie is deemed as a highly unethical blunder across the glove due to the continued mining and manufacturing products by the company when they knew the dangers of asbestos. The situation was further worsened when the company decided to ignore the claims of the asbestos victims and made an attempt to avoid their liability and responsibility on the issue by undertaking different corporate restructuring actions. The production of asbestos was an unethical decision as the same was undertaken for attaining commercial profits whilst the health and lives of the wider community was jeopardized. Even when the company realized the dangers back in 1964, they did not take any action to stop or even curtail the ill effects of this menace (Plessis, Hargovan, and Bagaric 2010). This decision was not only unethical for the society at large, but also towards the company itself. This can be established through the application of different ethical theories discussed early on. Where utilitarianism is applied to the present perspective, the actions of James Hardie were unethical as they did not focus on maximizing the happiness, as the society was put at a danger of different diseases associated to asbestos, just for earning profits. This ultimately led to the end of James Hardie and the number of its key members, including directors of the company, being held liable. The utility was neither maximized towards the profession, nor towards the company itself, let along the society. So, the consequences of their actions made the company unethical. Where deontological theory is applied in context of James Hardie Company, the actions of the company are to be analysed. James Hardie continued with the production of asbestos for a long period of time, even when it knew th e ill effects of the same. This continuation would be deemed as unethical as the actions of the company were motivated by greed. The company even made attempts at avoiding their liability by indulging in corporate restructuring which again is a proof of the company being unethical. As this corporate restructuring is something which ultimately got the company under the lens of ASIC, the actions of the company were unethical even for them. Also, the focus of the company was not towards earning profits for the stakeholders, but to benefit a few persons, which again was an unethical thing. Lastly, when the theory of virtue ethics is applied, the actions of the company were neither honest, nor fair and were far away from virtues of justice or integrity, making the actions of the company unethical. To conclude, the case of James Hardie continues to be an example of unethical behaviour not just in Australia but world-wide. No matter which ethical theory is applied, the actions of the company cannot be deemed as ethical. Also, such unethical decision making not only harmed the society in terms of asbestos victims but also the company as the key people running the company and indulging in such unethical acts were held liable under the law. References Bykvist, K 2010, Utilitarianism: A Guide for the Perplexed, Bloomsbury Academic, London. Corrigan, RH Farrell, ME 2010, Ethics: A University Guide, Progressive Frontiers press, Gloucester. Ferrell, OC, Fraedrich, J Ferrell, L 2016, Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making Cases, 11th edn, Cengage Learning, Boston, MA. Hursthouse, R Pettigrove, G 2016, Virtue Ethics, Stanford Encyclopaedia of Philosophy. retrieved 01 December 2017, https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-virtue/#FormVirtEthi Mill, JS 2017, Utilitarianism, Coventry House Publishing, Dublin, OH. Mizzoni, J 2009, Ethics: The Basics, John Wiley Sons, West Sussex. Naaman-Zauderer, N 2010, Descartes' Deontological Turn: Reason, Will, and Virtue in the Later Writings, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Plessis, JJD, Hargovan, A Bagaric, M 2010, Principles of Contemporary Corporate Governance, 2nd edn, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Winter, M 2011, Rethinking Virtue Ethics, Springer, New York.